International Cannabis Abuse
International Cannabis Abuse
The 2018 UN World Drug Report calculated that around 275 million people worldwide used drugs at least once in 2016 and some 31 million of those suffer from a drug use disorder.
Cannabis was the most commonly used drug in 2016, with 192 million people using it at least once that year. The global number of cannabis users continues to rise and appears to have increased by roughly 16 per cent in the decade ending 2016, which is in line with the increase of the world population.
The quantities of cannabis seized worldwide fell by 27 per cent, to 4,386 tons in 2016. This decline was particularly noticed in North America, where the medical cannabis in many states and the legalisation of cannabis for recreational use may have played a role in the declining figures. There is evidence from Western countries that the perceived easy availability of cannabis, coupled with perceptions of a low risk of harm, makes the drug among the most common substances whose use is initiated in adolescence. Cannabis is often used in conjunction with other substances and the use of other drugs is typically tried after recreational cannabis use.
As the need for vital drug screening continues to increase, Randox Toxicology are leading the way in developing new and novel drugs of abuse tests. Capable of detecting up to 21 classical, prescription and synthetic drugs from a single sample including cannabinoids, our fully automated Evidence MultiSTAT analyser utilises our Biochip Array Technology to deliver reliable and accurate results in under 20 minutes.
For further information about the Evidence MultiSTAT and our cutting-edge multiplex testing capabilities, contact info@randoxtoxicology.com to be put in touch with a sales member or visit www.randoxtoxicology.com.
Randox Testing Services: The difference between CBD Oil, Cannabis Oil and Hemp Oil
CBD Oil, Cannabis Oil and Hemp Oil are naturally produced from the plant Cannabis Sativa. This article will aim to distinguish between the different variations, and highlights differences in their use, abuse and legal standing.
Cannabis is the name given to the common drug of abuse, made from various parts of the Cannabis Sativa plant that contain a high level of a chemical called THC (tetrahydrocannabinol). THC is the chemical responsible for most of cannabis’s psychological effects. It stimulates cells in the brain to release dopamine and interferes with how information is processed in the hippocampus, the part of the brain responsible for forming new memories. Strains of Cannabis Sativa are specifically bred for their high THC content in resinous glands on their flowers and some leaves.
Cannabis Oil contains a high level of THC and if administered can result in psychoactive effects. There is a growing movement to legalise THC in the form of oils or capsules for medicinal use (pain relief), however, like cannabis itself, it is currently illegal to possess, or supply cannabis oil in the UK.
CBD (or cannabidiol), like THC, is another chemical component extracted from the Cannabis Sativa plant. Unlike THC, CBD is not psychoactive and does not produce a ‘high’. CBD is derived from a specific hemp strain that is high in CBD and low in THC and is extracted from the whole plant (and not just the seed like hemp seed oil). The use of CBD oil is becoming widespread for its reported health-giving benefits. It is perfectly legal to use (because it contains negligible amounts of THC) and can be purchased from health food shops and on-line.
However, it is also sometimes (mistakenly) referred to as ‘cannabis oil’ which causes confusion.
Hemp is a fast-growing strain of Cannabis Sativa specifically bred for its fibre (for textile use), oils (including CBD oil) and nutritional benefits among its ever-expanding range of uses. However, hemp is bred to be low in THC. Hemp seed oil is acquired by pressing the hemp seeds only and contains neither THC nor CBD. Hemp oil is perfectly legal and you may find it in some health food products or even beauty products.
Effects of Cannabis
Cannabis is the most commonly abused drug in the UK and can produce a range of side-effects including an increased risk of developing a psychotic illness. For an extensive list of the side-effects of regular cannabis use download our free educational resource: http://www.randoxtestingservices.com/download/Effects-of-Cannabis-Poster.pdf
About Randox Testing Services
Randox Testing Services is a market leader in the drug and alcohol testing industry. Our expertise is relied upon by a range of leading safety-critical companies across the world.
We pride ourselves on helping our customers improve the health and safety of their working environment through helping them implement a comprehensive substance misuse policy. As experts in our field we ensure that we are aware of current drug trends and issues that are affecting society.
Contact us today at testingservices@randox.com or call 028 9445 1011 to speak with one of our experts.
Toxicology Control Calibrators
Analytes
- Oxazepam
Drugs of Abuse Array I Plus Calibrator
Multi-analyte calibrator designed for use with the Drugs of Abuse Array I Plus.
Features & Benefits
- Lyophilised for enhanced stability
- Stable to expiry date at 2oC – 8oC
- Urine- Reconstituted stability of 14 days at 2oC – 8oC
- Whole Blood – Reconstituted stability of 7 days at 2oC – 8oC or 14 days at -20oC
| Description | Size | Analytes | Cat No | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drugs of Abuse Assay I Plus (Urine) Calibrators | 9 x 1ml | 14 | EV3744 | |
Analytes
- Amphetamine
- Barbiturates
- Benzodiazepine 1
- Benzodiazepine 2
- Buprenorphine
- Cannabinoids
- Cocaine Metabolite
- MDMA
- Methadone
- Methamphetamine
- Opiates
- Phencyclidine
- Tricyclic Antidepressants
- Creatinine
Drugs of Abuse Array II Calibrators
Dedicated calibrator designed for use the Drugs of Abuse Array II control.
Features & Benefits
- Lyophilised for enhanced stability
- Stable to expiry at 2oC – 8oC
- Urine- Reconstituted stability of 7 days at 2oC – 8oC or 28 days at -20oC
- Whole Blood – Reconstituted stability of 7 days at 2oC – 8oC or 28 days at -20oC
| Description | Size | Analytes | Cat No | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drugs of Abuse Array II (Whole Blood) Calibrator Series | 9 x 1ml | 11 | EV3687 | |
Analytes
- 3,4 Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
- Ketamine
- Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)
- Methaqualone
- Buprenorphine
- Fentanyl
- Generic Opioids
- Oxycodone I
- Oxycodone II
- Propoxyphene
- Creatinine
Drugs of Abuse Array III Calibrators
Multi-analyte calibrator designed for use with the Drugs of Abuse Array III control.
Features & Benefits
- Lyophilised for enhanced stability/li>
- Stable to expiry date at 2°C – 8°C
- Reconstituted stability of 7 days at 2°C – 8°C
| Description | Size | Analytes | Cat No | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drugs of Abuse Array III (Urine) Calibrator Series | 9 x 1ml | 11 | EV3829 | |
| Drugs of Abuse Array III (Whole Blood) Calibrator Series | 9 x 1ml | 11 | EV3797 | |
Analytes
- Chloral Hydrate Metabolite
- Ethyl Glucuronide
- Fentanyl
- Ketamine Metabolite
- Meperidine
- Meprobamate
- Zaleplon
- Zolpidem
- Zopiclone
- 7-amino Flunitrazepam
- Creatinine
Drugs of Abuse Array IV Calibrator
Multi-analyte calibrator designed for use with the Drugs of Abuse Array IV control.
Features & Benefits
- Lyophilised for enhanced stability
- Stable to expiry date at 2°C – 8°C
- Reconstituted stability of 7 days at 2°C – 8°C
| Description | Size | Analytes | Cat No | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drugs of Abuse Array IV (Whole Blood) Calibrator | 9 x 1ml | 14 | EV3808 | |
Analytes
- Acetaminophen
- Dextromethorphan
- Escitalopram
- Fluoxetine
- Haloperidol
- Ibuprofen
- Methylphenidate
- Salicylate
- Salicyluric Acid
- Sertraline
- Tramadol
- Trazodone
- Tricyclic Antidepressants
- Creatinine
Drugs of Abuse Array V Calibrators
Multi-analyte calibrator designed for use with the Drugs of Abuse Array V control.
Features & Benefits
- Lyophilised for enhanced stability
- Stable to expiry date at 2°C – 8°C
- Reconstituted stability of 7 days at 2°C – 8°C
| Description | Size | Analytes | Cat No | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drugs of Abuse Array V (Urine) Calibrator Series | 9 x 1ml | 10 | EV3815 | |
| Drugs of Abuse Array V (Whole Blood) Calibrator Series | 9 x 1ml | 10 | EV3847 | |
Analytes
- Bath Salts 1 (Methcathinone and Mephedrone)
- Bath Salts 2 (MDPV)
- Benzylpiperazines
- Mescaline
- Phenylpiperazines
- Salvinorin
- Synthetic Cannabinoids 1
- Synthetic Cannabinoids 2
- Synthetic Cannabinoids 3
- Synthetic Cannabinoids 4