Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Kidney Failure
Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Kidney Failure
Acetaminophen is a commonly used medicine for pain-relief. During cold and flu season, it is common to resort to pain-relief medicines to relieve headaches, and ache and pain symptoms associated with a cold or flu as there is no cure. However, the therapeutic range for acetaminophen is 10-30 mg/l, which is small and very easy to go over. During cold and flu season, it is important to monitor the amount of paracetamol entering your body as acetaminophen is more dangerous than suspected. At therapeutic levels, acetaminophen does not produce any adverse effects, however, long-term treatment, prolonged use, and taking a few more than the recommended dose can be severely damaging and fatal. Accidental acetaminophen overdose took the lives of 1,500 people in the U.S between 2001 and 2010. The Randox Acetaminophen assay is used to determine the concentration levels of acetaminophen in the blood to determine if an overdose has taken place.
It is commonly recognised that acetaminophen overdose causes hepatotoxicity, but it is less commonly recognised that it can also cause nephrotoxicity in less than 2% of patients. Nephrotoxicity is toxicity of the kidneys and is often associated with a reduced amount of glutathione which is important for normal cellular metabolism in the kidneys. The Randox Glutathione Reductase assay is required for the regeneration of reduced glutathione. Glutathione is often discussed in association with the Randox Glutathione Peroxidase, which requires reduced glutathione for activation. Both Glutathione reagents are unique to Randox.
Acute renal failure due to acetaminophen manifests as acute tubular necrosis, which can occur alone or in combination with hepatic necrosis. Nephrotoxicity can also occur when the therapeutic levels of acetaminophen are not exceeded. This most commonly occurs when acetaminophen is taken in combination with alcohol. Upon testing acetaminophen levels and the results fall within the therapeutic range, the Randox Ethanol assay can test alcohol levels to determine if a combination of alcohol and acetaminophen caused nephrotoxicity. Renal impairment may be more common than previously suspected as acute renal failure occurs in 10-40% of patients with severe hepatic necrosis. Upon testing acetaminophen to determine toxicity, Randox also offer the following renal tests to test for nephrotoxicity:
- Creatinine (Enzymatic and JAFFE)
- Cystatin C
- IgG
For more information visit: https://www.randox.com/acetaminophen
To request an application for your specific analyser, contact reagents@randox.com
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Toxicology Control Calibrators
![acusera-qc-logo Therapeutic Drug Quality Control](https://www.randox.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/acusera-qc-logo-300x44.png)
Analytes
- Oxazepam
Drugs of Abuse Array I Plus Calibrator
Multi-analyte calibrator designed for use with the Drugs of Abuse Array I Plus.
Features & Benefits
- Lyophilised for enhanced stability
- Stable to expiry date at 2oC – 8oC
- Urine- Reconstituted stability of 14 days at 2oC – 8oC
- Whole Blood – Reconstituted stability of 7 days at 2oC – 8oC or 14 days at -20oC
Description | Size | Analytes | Cat No | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Drugs of Abuse Assay I Plus (Urine) Calibrators | 9 x 1ml | 14 | EV3744 | |
Analytes
- Amphetamine
- Barbiturates
- Benzodiazepine 1
- Benzodiazepine 2
- Buprenorphine
- Cannabinoids
- Cocaine Metabolite
- MDMA
- Methadone
- Methamphetamine
- Opiates
- Phencyclidine
- Tricyclic Antidepressants
- Creatinine
Drugs of Abuse Array II Calibrators
Dedicated calibrator designed for use the Drugs of Abuse Array II control.
Features & Benefits
- Lyophilised for enhanced stability
- Stable to expiry at 2oC – 8oC
- Urine- Reconstituted stability of 7 days at 2oC – 8oC or 28 days at -20oC
- Whole Blood – Reconstituted stability of 7 days at 2oC – 8oC or 28 days at -20oC
Description | Size | Analytes | Cat No | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Drugs of Abuse Array II (Whole Blood) Calibrator Series | 9 x 1ml | 11 | EV3687 | |
Analytes
- 3,4 Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
- Ketamine
- Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)
- Methaqualone
- Buprenorphine
- Fentanyl
- Generic Opioids
- Oxycodone I
- Oxycodone II
- Propoxyphene
- Creatinine
Drugs of Abuse Array III Calibrators
Multi-analyte calibrator designed for use with the Drugs of Abuse Array III control.
Features & Benefits
- Lyophilised for enhanced stability/li>
- Stable to expiry date at 2°C – 8°C
- Reconstituted stability of 7 days at 2°C – 8°C
Description | Size | Analytes | Cat No | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Drugs of Abuse Array III (Urine) Calibrator Series | 9 x 1ml | 11 | EV3829 | |
Drugs of Abuse Array III (Whole Blood) Calibrator Series | 9 x 1ml | 11 | EV3797 | |
Analytes
- Chloral Hydrate Metabolite
- Ethyl Glucuronide
- Fentanyl
- Ketamine Metabolite
- Meperidine
- Meprobamate
- Zaleplon
- Zolpidem
- Zopiclone
- 7-amino Flunitrazepam
- Creatinine
Drugs of Abuse Array IV Calibrator
Multi-analyte calibrator designed for use with the Drugs of Abuse Array IV control.
Features & Benefits
- Lyophilised for enhanced stability
- Stable to expiry date at 2°C – 8°C
- Reconstituted stability of 7 days at 2°C – 8°C
Description | Size | Analytes | Cat No | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Drugs of Abuse Array IV (Whole Blood) Calibrator | 9 x 1ml | 14 | EV3808 | |
Analytes
- Acetaminophen
- Dextromethorphan
- Escitalopram
- Fluoxetine
- Haloperidol
- Ibuprofen
- Methylphenidate
- Salicylate
- Salicyluric Acid
- Sertraline
- Tramadol
- Trazodone
- Tricyclic Antidepressants
- Creatinine
Drugs of Abuse Array V Calibrators
Multi-analyte calibrator designed for use with the Drugs of Abuse Array V control.
Features & Benefits
- Lyophilised for enhanced stability
- Stable to expiry date at 2°C – 8°C
- Reconstituted stability of 7 days at 2°C – 8°C
Description | Size | Analytes | Cat No | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Drugs of Abuse Array V (Urine) Calibrator Series | 9 x 1ml | 10 | EV3815 | |
Drugs of Abuse Array V (Whole Blood) Calibrator Series | 9 x 1ml | 10 | EV3847 | |
Analytes
- Bath Salts 1 (Methcathinone and Mephedrone)
- Bath Salts 2 (MDPV)
- Benzylpiperazines
- Mescaline
- Phenylpiperazines
- Salvinorin
- Synthetic Cannabinoids 1
- Synthetic Cannabinoids 2
- Synthetic Cannabinoids 3
- Synthetic Cannabinoids 4
Ammonia Ethanol Quality Control
![acusera-qc-logo Therapeutic Drug Quality Control](https://www.randox.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/acusera-qc-logo-300x44.png)
![acusera-qc-logo Therapeutic Drug Quality Control](https://www.randox.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/acusera-qc-logo-300x44.png)
![acusera-qc-logo Therapeutic Drug Quality Control](https://www.randox.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/acusera-qc-logo-300x44.png)
The Randox Acusera Ammonia/Ethanol control is designed to monitor the accuracy and precision of Ammonia and Ethanol assays on a wide range of clinical chemistry analysers. The liquid ready-to-use format is convenient to use while an open vial stability of 30 days at 2°C – 8°C helps to keep waste and costs to a minimum.
Features & Benefits
- Liquid ready-to-use
- Aqueous material
- Assayed target values provided for both Ammonia and Ethanol
- Stable to expiry date at 2°C – 8°C
- Open vial stability of 30 days at 2°C – 8°C
Description | Size | Analytes | Cat No | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ammonia/Ethanol Control Level 1 | 6 x 2ml | 2 | EA1366 | |
Ammonia/Ethanol Control Level 2 | 6 x 2ml | 2 | EA1367 | |
Ammonia/Ethanol Control Level 3 | 6 x 2ml | 2 | EA1368 | |
Analytes
- Ammonia
- Ethanol
Ammonia/Ethanol External Quality Assessment
Combining Ammonia and Ethanol in a single RIQAS programme, participants can consolidate their EQA requirements whilst reducing costs. All samples are supplied liquid ready-to-use at the start of the cycle for added convenience and will cover a range of clinically significant concentrations.
- Liquid ready-to-use samples
- Monthly reporting
- Comprehensive yet user friendly reports for quick assessment of performance
- Submit results and view reports online via RIQAS.Net
- Register up to five instruments per programme (volume permitting) at no extra cost for comparative performance assessment
- Accredited to ISO/IEC 17043
Cat No | Kit Size | Frequency | Cycle Start | Parameters | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
RQ9164 | 12 x 2ml | Monthly (1 x 12 month cycle) | September | 2 | |
Parameters
- Ammonia
- Ethanol
Please note, product availability may vary country to country.